Results and importance of weathering

Geography Feb 19, 2024 496 Add to Reading List

Discuss about the results and importance of weathering :-

Answer :- The results and importance of weathering are ----

(1) Landform changes :-

Spherical landforms- granite tors are formed in the granite rock during the Exfoliation weathering process. Vertical polygonal columnar landforms are formed in basalt rock by the process of lithology fragmentation. Chemical weathering in limestone formations results in the formation of characteristic cast landforms consisting of gyres, sink holes, dolines, uvalas, pologies, caves, stalactites, stalagmites, etc. Gravel fields are formed by free or talus and felsenmar or blockspede, respectively, by the accumulation of angular rock particles produced by the impact of subduction on the face and foot of the mountain.

(2) Increase in soil fertility :-

Different mineral particles produced as a result of weathering are added to the soil. Soil porosity increases as bedrock is crushed. Water and air levels in the soil increase. As a result, soil fertility increases. Agriculture is beneficial.

(3) Formation of regolith and soil :-

As a result of mechanical and chemical weathering, crushed and disintegrated material is accumulated at the source and a ground layer of loose and soft material is formed, it is called regolith. This is the initial state of soil formation. Over time, organic matter and moisture combine with regolith to form soil. E.g.- Podzol, Charnozem, Laterite soil.

(4) Formation of Terarosa :-

The red colored soil rich in iron particles is formed as a result of chemical weathering in the karst region of limestone, called Terarosa.

(5) Formation of minerals :-

Due to the effect of chemical weathering, the density of minerals decreases, lightening and many new minerals are formed. Eg – iron, bauxite, manganese, nickel, qualine.

(6) Enrichment of ground water :-

Through the cracks and holes caused by weathering, rainwater easily penetrates into the columnar landforms formed in basalt rock and connects to the underground pore layers, enriching the ground water reserves.